Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.
1. 這個(gè)寓言是一個(gè)關(guān)于一位國(guó)王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用這個(gè)故事讓讀者對(duì)于社區(qū)的問(wèn)題負(fù)有個(gè)人責(zé)任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 這個(gè)故事十分成功的實(shí)現(xiàn)了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
Step 4 PracticeRead the conversation. Find out which words have been left out.Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit...well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have. Why ?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King.Justin: Really? Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought.Justin:Sounds great, thanks.Answers:Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Do you have any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, that’s cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. What are some places to visit in Guizhou ? Well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first place to visit in Guizhou Province.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West . Why do you ask if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King from Journey to the West.Justin: That’s really true? It’s Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages on your trip to Guizhou Province. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought it was.Justin:This all sounds great, thanks.
Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案:1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
【參考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
∴∠AEP=∠ACB,∠APE=∠ABC,∴△AEP∽△ACB.∴PECB=APAB,即1.89=2AB,解得AB=10(m).∴QB=AB-AP-PQ=10-2-6.5=1.5(m),即小明站在點(diǎn)Q時(shí)在路燈AD下影子的長(zhǎng)度為1.5m;(2)同理可證△HQB∽△DAB,∴HQDA=QBAB,即1.8AD=1.510,解得AD=12(m).即路燈AD的高度為12m.方法總結(jié):解決本題的關(guān)鍵是構(gòu)造相似三角形,然后利用相似三角形的性質(zhì)求出對(duì)應(yīng)線段的長(zhǎng)度.三、板書設(shè)計(jì)投影的概念與中心投影投影的概念:物體在光線的照射下,會(huì) 在地面或其他平面上留 下它的影子,這就是投影 現(xiàn)象中心投影概念:點(diǎn)光源的光線形成的 投影變化規(guī)律影子是生活中常見的現(xiàn)象,在探索物體與其投影關(guān)系的活動(dòng)中,體會(huì)立體圖形與平面圖形的相互轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系,發(fā)展學(xué)生的空間觀念.通過(guò)在燈光下擺弄小棒、紙片,體會(huì)、觀察影子大小和形狀的變化情況,總結(jié)規(guī)律,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生觀察問(wèn)題、分析問(wèn)題的能力.
五、回顧總結(jié):總結(jié):1、投影、中心投影 2、如何確定光源(小組交流總結(jié).)六、自我檢測(cè):檢測(cè):晚上,小華在馬路的一側(cè)散步,對(duì)面有一路燈,當(dāng)小華筆直地往前走時(shí),他在這盞路燈下的影子也隨之向前移動(dòng).小華頭頂?shù)挠白铀?jīng)過(guò)的路徑是怎樣的?它與小華所走的路線有何位置關(guān)系?七、課后延伸:延伸:課本128頁(yè)習(xí)題5.1八、板書設(shè)計(jì)投影 做一做:投影線投影面 議一議:中心投影九、課后反思本節(jié)課先由皮影戲引出燈光與影子這個(gè)話題,接著經(jīng)歷實(shí)踐、探索的過(guò)程,掌握了中心投影的含義,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)燈光光線的特點(diǎn),由實(shí)物與影子來(lái)確定路燈的位置,能畫出在同一時(shí)刻另一物體的影子,還要求大家不僅要自己動(dòng)手實(shí)踐,還要和同伴互相交流.同時(shí)要用自己的語(yǔ)言加以描述,做到手、嘴、腦互相配合,培養(yǎng)大家的實(shí)踐操作能力,合作交流能力,語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力.
探究點(diǎn)二:列分式方程某工廠生產(chǎn)一種零件,計(jì)劃在20天內(nèi)完成,若每天多生產(chǎn)4個(gè),則15天完成且還多生產(chǎn)10個(gè).設(shè)原計(jì)劃每天生產(chǎn)x個(gè),根據(jù)題意可列分式方程為()A.20x+10x+4=15 B.20x-10x+4=15C.20x+10x-4=15 D.20x-10x-4=15解析:設(shè)原計(jì)劃每天生產(chǎn)x個(gè),則實(shí)際每天生產(chǎn)(x+4)個(gè),根據(jù)題意可得等量關(guān)系:(原計(jì)劃20天生產(chǎn)的零件個(gè)數(shù)+10個(gè))÷實(shí)際每天生產(chǎn)的零件個(gè)數(shù)=15天,根據(jù)等量關(guān)系列出方程即可.設(shè)原計(jì)劃每天生產(chǎn)x個(gè),則實(shí)際每天生產(chǎn)(x+4)個(gè),根據(jù)題意得20x+10x+4=15.故選A.方法總結(jié):此題主要考查了由實(shí)際問(wèn)題抽象出分式方程,關(guān)鍵是正確理解題意,找出題目中的等量關(guān)系,列出方程.三、板書設(shè)計(jì)1.分式方程的概念2.列分式方程本課時(shí)的教學(xué)以學(xué)生自主探究為主,通過(guò)參與學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程,讓學(xué)生感受知識(shí)的形成與應(yīng)用的價(jià)值,增強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)的自覺性,體驗(yàn)類比學(xué)習(xí)思想的重要性,然后結(jié)合生活實(shí)際,發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)在生活中的廣泛應(yīng)用,感受數(shù)學(xué)之美.
(分析:北京的商業(yè)中心分布和變化大致分三個(gè)階段:鐘鼓樓市場(chǎng)、三足鼎立格局形成、環(huán)路沿線商業(yè)中心出現(xiàn)。相對(duì)應(yīng)的交通變化,鐘鼓樓市場(chǎng)衰退與大運(yùn)河運(yùn)輸?shù)匚凰ヂ洹⑦\(yùn)輸方式的變化密切相關(guān),后兩個(gè)階段與城市交通干線形態(tài)變化緊密聯(lián)系)?!渤修D(zhuǎn)〕商業(yè)中心的發(fā)展是隨著交通的發(fā)展而變化的,集鎮(zhèn)也是在交通要道上發(fā)展起來(lái) 的。(3)對(duì)集鎮(zhèn)發(fā)展的影響〔舉例說(shuō)明〕陜西省勉縣的長(zhǎng)林鎮(zhèn),過(guò)去地處漢中經(jīng)褒河去甘肅、四川的必經(jīng)之路,來(lái)往客商眾多,商業(yè)十分繁榮。后來(lái)由于改線,集鎮(zhèn)逐漸衰落,至今連定期的集市貿(mào)易都沒有了,完全退化為單純的居民點(diǎn)。以及運(yùn)河沿線城鎮(zhèn)如山東等的興衰,亦可說(shuō)明交通線的改變對(duì)聚落的影響。〔總結(jié)〕交通線路的改變常會(huì)引起集鎮(zhèn)的繁榮或衰落。
尊敬的各位評(píng)委老師: 你們好!我說(shuō)課的內(nèi)容是義務(wù)教育教科書人教版小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)四年級(jí)下冊(cè)第一單元第5-6頁(yè)的內(nèi)容《乘除法的意義和各部分間的關(guān)系》。下面我談?wù)劚竟?jié)課的教學(xué)設(shè)想,不妥之處,懇請(qǐng)各位教師指正。一.我對(duì)教材的理解(教材分析)——參考教學(xué)參考書《乘除法的意義和各部分間的關(guān)系》是人教版小學(xué)四年級(jí)下冊(cè)第一單元四則運(yùn)算中第2課時(shí)的教學(xué)內(nèi)容。本課是在學(xué)生對(duì)整數(shù)乘除法有了較多的接觸,積累了豐富的感性認(rèn)識(shí)并掌握了相應(yīng)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和技能的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行抽象、概括,上升到理性的認(rèn)識(shí)。為后面學(xué)習(xí)的四則運(yùn)算打基礎(chǔ),也為以后學(xué)習(xí)小數(shù)、分?jǐn)?shù)的意義和關(guān)系做鋪墊。二.學(xué)情分析(根據(jù)考評(píng)要求,可不說(shuō))因?yàn)槟挲g特征決定了四年級(jí)學(xué)生活潑好奇好動(dòng),雖具一定的抽象思維能力,但仍然以形象思維為主;就知識(shí)層面上,已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了簡(jiǎn)單整數(shù)乘除法,對(duì)整數(shù)乘除法及各部分名稱有初步的感性認(rèn)知,初步具備了理性認(rèn)知學(xué)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ);同時(shí)又存在個(gè)體差異,多數(shù)學(xué)生思維活躍,數(shù)學(xué)興趣濃厚,表現(xiàn)欲望強(qiáng)烈,少數(shù)學(xué)生缺乏積極性,學(xué)習(xí)被動(dòng)。
1、說(shuō)內(nèi)容:百分?jǐn)?shù)的意義和寫法是人教版義務(wù)教育課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書六年級(jí)數(shù)學(xué)上冊(cè)第五單元的內(nèi)容。2、說(shuō)教材:這部分內(nèi)容是在學(xué)生學(xué)過(guò)整數(shù)、小數(shù)特別是分?jǐn)?shù)的意義和應(yīng)用的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行教學(xué)的。百分?jǐn)?shù)的意義和寫法是本單元的基礎(chǔ),學(xué)生只有理解了百分?jǐn)?shù)的意義,才能正確地運(yùn)用它解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題。二、學(xué)情分析:百分?jǐn)?shù)對(duì)于六年級(jí)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)并不陌生,他們有的可能已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)百分?jǐn)?shù),并且能夠正確讀出百分?jǐn)?shù),但大多數(shù)學(xué)生對(duì)百分?jǐn)?shù)意義的理解還不十分準(zhǔn)確,學(xué)生極易把百分?jǐn)?shù)等同于分母是100的一般分?jǐn)?shù)。因此教學(xué)中如何激活學(xué)生的相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn),及時(shí)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生理解百分?jǐn)?shù)和分?jǐn)?shù)的聯(lián)系與區(qū)別,讓學(xué)生完成百分?jǐn)?shù)意義的建構(gòu),顯得尤為重要。三、教學(xué)目標(biāo):1、知識(shí)與技能:讓學(xué)生經(jīng)歷從實(shí)際問(wèn)題中抽象出百分?jǐn)?shù)的過(guò)程,體會(huì)引入百分?jǐn)?shù)的必要性,理解百分?jǐn)?shù)的意義,會(huì)正確讀寫百分?jǐn)?shù)。
(一)觀圖激趣、設(shè)疑導(dǎo)入 出示課件的第一張幻燈片。師:求比值,完成后,說(shuō)說(shuō)求比值的方法,這三個(gè)比值是什么關(guān)系?18∶12 27∶18 2.4∶1.6生1:用比的前項(xiàng)除以比的后項(xiàng)。生2:這三個(gè)比值相等?!緟⒖即鸢浮俊?8∶12= 27∶18= 2.4∶1.6= 求比值的方法是用比的前項(xiàng)除以比的后項(xiàng),這三個(gè)比值相等。【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】比和比值是解決比例意義的關(guān)鍵所在,只有喚醒學(xué)生已有經(jīng)驗(yàn),才能更好地讓學(xué)生投入到學(xué)習(xí)比例意義活動(dòng)中來(lái),為實(shí)現(xiàn)教學(xué)目標(biāo)做好鋪墊。(二)探究新知師:同學(xué)們,每周一的早上我們學(xué)校都要舉行莊嚴(yán)的升國(guó)旗儀式,那么,你們對(duì)國(guó)旗都有哪些了解呢? 生1:我們的國(guó)旗是紅色的,上面有五顆黃色的五角星。生2:我們的國(guó)旗是長(zhǎng)方形的。師:同學(xué)們回答得真好,說(shuō)出了自己對(duì)國(guó)旗的了解,可以看出同學(xué)們對(duì)我們國(guó)家的熱愛,老師希望你們一定要好好學(xué)習(xí),為我們的五星紅旗增光!五星紅旗是莊嚴(yán)而美麗的, 并且它與我們數(shù)學(xué)也有著密切的聯(lián)系,這也就是我們今天所要研究的內(nèi)容——比例。(板書課題:比例的意義)國(guó)旗長(zhǎng)5米,寬米。國(guó)旗長(zhǎng)2.4米,寬1.6米。國(guó)旗長(zhǎng)60厘米,寬40厘米。
三、課后自測(cè):1、如圖,A、B、C、D為矩形的四個(gè)頂點(diǎn),AB=16cm,BC= 6cm,動(dòng)點(diǎn)P、 Q分別從點(diǎn)A、C出發(fā),點(diǎn)P以3cm/s的速度向點(diǎn)B移動(dòng),一直到達(dá)B為止;點(diǎn)Q以2cm/s的速度向點(diǎn)D移動(dòng)。經(jīng)過(guò)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間P、Q兩點(diǎn)之間的距離是10cm?2、如圖,在Rt △ABC中,AB=BC=12cm,點(diǎn)D從點(diǎn)A開始沿邊AB以2cm/s的速度向點(diǎn)B移動(dòng),移 動(dòng)過(guò)程中始終保持DE∥BC,DF∥AC,問(wèn)點(diǎn)D出發(fā)幾秒后四邊形DFCE的面積為20cm2?3、如圖所示,人民海關(guān)緝私巡邏艇在東海海域執(zhí)行巡邏任務(wù)時(shí),發(fā)現(xiàn)在其所處的位置 O點(diǎn)的正北方向10海里外的A點(diǎn)有一涉嫌走私船只正以24海里/時(shí)的速度向正東方向航行,為迅速實(shí)施檢查,巡邏艇調(diào)整好航向,以26海里/時(shí)的速度追趕。在涉嫌船只不改變航向和航速的前提下,問(wèn)需要幾小時(shí)才 能追上( 點(diǎn)B為追上時(shí)的位置)?
解:設(shè)個(gè)位數(shù)字為x,則十位數(shù)字為14-x,兩數(shù)字之積為x(14-x),兩個(gè)數(shù)字交換位置后的新兩位數(shù)為10x+(14-x).根據(jù)題意,得10x+(14-x)-x(14-x)=38.整理,得x2-5x-24=0,解得x1=8,x2=-3.因?yàn)閭€(gè)位數(shù)上的數(shù)字不可能是負(fù)數(shù),所以x=-3應(yīng)舍去.當(dāng)x=8時(shí),14-x=6.所以這個(gè)兩位數(shù)是68.方法總結(jié):(1)數(shù)字排列問(wèn)題常采用間接設(shè)未知數(shù)的方法求解.(2)注意數(shù)字只有0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9這10個(gè),且最高位上的數(shù)字不能為0,而其他如分?jǐn)?shù)、負(fù)數(shù)根不符合實(shí)際意義,必須舍去.三、板書設(shè)計(jì)幾何問(wèn)題及數(shù)字問(wèn)題幾何問(wèn)題面積問(wèn)題動(dòng)點(diǎn)問(wèn)題數(shù)字問(wèn)題經(jīng)歷分析具體問(wèn)題中的數(shù)量關(guān)系,建立方程模型解決問(wèn)題的過(guò)程,認(rèn)識(shí)方程模型的重要性.通過(guò)列方程解應(yīng)用題,進(jìn)一步提高邏輯思維能力和分析問(wèn)題、解決問(wèn)題的能力.經(jīng)歷探索過(guò)程,培養(yǎng)合作學(xué)習(xí)的意識(shí).體會(huì)數(shù)學(xué)與實(shí)際生活的聯(lián)系,進(jìn)一步感知方程的應(yīng)用價(jià)值.
二、對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的概念1. 計(jì)算對(duì)數(shù)的值 N1248x 思路(引入對(duì)數(shù)的概念):讓學(xué)生依次計(jì)算、、、、、、,體會(huì)每一個(gè)真數(shù)都能找到唯一一個(gè)對(duì)數(shù)與之對(duì)應(yīng),這就形成了一個(gè)函數(shù),我們稱這個(gè)函數(shù)為對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)。
【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】知識(shí)與技能目標(biāo):掌握對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的圖像及性質(zhì);過(guò)程與方法目標(biāo):通過(guò)圖像特征的觀察,理解對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的性質(zhì),并從中體會(huì)從具體到一般及數(shù)形結(jié)合的方法;情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):在教學(xué)活動(dòng)中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,感受數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)的應(yīng)用價(jià)值,體驗(yàn)知識(shí)之間的內(nèi)在邏輯之美。【教學(xué)重點(diǎn)】對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的圖像及性質(zhì)?!窘虒W(xué)難點(diǎn)】對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)性質(zhì)與應(yīng)用。
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解析:由分式有意義的條件得3x-1≠0,解得x≠13.則分式無(wú)意義的條件是x=13,故選C.方法總結(jié):分式無(wú)意義的條件是分母等于0.【類型三】 分式值為0的條件若使分式x2-1x+1的值為零,則x的值為()A.-1 B.1或-1C.1 D.1和-1解析:由題意得x2-1=0且x+1≠0,解得x=1,故選C.方法總結(jié):分式的值為零的條件:(1)分子為0;(2)分母不為0.這兩個(gè)條件缺一不可.三、板書設(shè)計(jì)1.分式的概念:一般地,如果A、B表示兩個(gè)整式,并且B中含有字母,那么式子AB叫做分式.2.分式AB有無(wú)意義的條件:當(dāng)B≠0時(shí),分式有意義;當(dāng)B=0時(shí),分式無(wú)意義.3.分式AB值為0的條件:當(dāng)A=0,B≠0時(shí),分式的值為0.本節(jié)采取的教學(xué)方法是引導(dǎo)學(xué)生獨(dú)立思考、小組合作,完成對(duì)分式概念及意義的自主探索.提出問(wèn)題讓學(xué)生解決,問(wèn)題由易到難,層層深入,既復(fù)習(xí)了舊知識(shí)又在類比過(guò)程中獲得了解決新知識(shí)的途徑.在這一環(huán)節(jié)提問(wèn)應(yīng)注意循序性,先易后難、由簡(jiǎn)到繁、層層遞進(jìn),臺(tái)階式的提問(wèn)使問(wèn)題解決水到渠成.